Remembrance After Salaam / Adhkar After Obligatory Prayers
And remember Allāh often that you may succeed. Al-Jumuʿah, Ayah 10
The Sunnah (Prophetic guidance) is for the Muslim to say the following attached adhkar after every obligatory prayer, whether he prayed as an imam (leader), behind an imam, or individually.
Remembrance After Salaam / Adhkar After Obligatory Prayers
Astaghfirullah (I ask Allah for forgiveness) three times,
Then Allahumma anta al-salam wa minka al-salam tabarakta ya dhal-jalali wa’l-ikram (O Allah, You are the One Who is free from all defects and deficiencies and from You is all peace, blessed are You, O Possessor of majesty and honour).
Then he should turn to face the people if he was the imam, then he and the other worshippers, and similarly the one who prayed on his own should say: La ilaha ill-Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu’l-mulk wa lahu’l-hamd wa huwa ‘ala kulli shay’in qadir. La hawla wa la quwwata illa Billah wa la na’budu illa iyyah. Lahu’l-ni’mah wa lahu’l-fadl wa lahu’l-thana al-hasan. La ilaha ill-Allah mukhlisina lahu’l-dina wa law kariha’l-kafirun. Allahumma la mani’a lima a’tayta wa la mu’tiya lima mana’ta wa la yanfa’u dha’l-jaddi minka al-jadd (There is no god but Allah Alone, with no partner or associate His is the sovereignty and to Him be praise, and He is Able to do all things. There is no power and no strength except with Allah, and we worship none but Him. From Him (Alone) come all blessings and favours, and all good praise is due to Him. There is no god but Allah and we make our worship purely for Him (alone) however much the disbelievers may hate that. O Allah, none can withhold what You give and none can give what You withhold, and no wealth or majesty can benefit anyone for from You is all wealth and majesty).
After the Maghrib (sunset) and Fajr (dawn) prayers he should say, as well as the words mentioned above: La ilaha ill-Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu’l-mulk wa lahu’l-hamd yuhyi wa yumit wa huwa ‘ala kulli shay’in qadir (there is no God but Allah Alone, with no partner or associate, His is the Dominion and to Him be praise, He gives life and gives death, and He has power over all things) ten times. Then after that he should say Subhan Allah wa’l-hamdu Lillah wa Allahu akbar (Glory be to Allah, praise be to Allah and Allah is most great) 33 times, and to complete one hundred he should say: La ilaha ill-Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu’l-mulk wa lahu’l-hamd wa huwa ‘ala kulli shayin qadir (There is no god but Allah Alone, with no partner or associate His is the sovereignty and to Him be praise, and He is Able to do all things).
Then it is prescribed for the imam, the people praying behind an imam and the one who is praying alone to recite Ayat al-Kursiy silently, then for each of them to recite Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad , Qul a'udhu bi Rabbi’l-Falaq and Qul a’udhu bi Rabbi’l-Nas [i.e., the last three surahs of the Quran] silently.
After Maghrib and Fajr one should repeat Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad, Qul a'udhu bi Rabbi’l-Falaq and Qul a’udhu bi Rabbi’l-Nas three times. This is the best because of the soundness of the reports that indicate all that we have stated above.
How to Say Adhkar After Salah
The Sunnah is for the imam, the individual praying alone, and the person praying behind an imam to recite these adhkar out loud in a moderate voice, neither too loud nor too quiet, after every obligatory prayer.
Ibn Abbas reported: The people would raise their voices in remembrance as they left the obligatory prayers in the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. Ibn Abbas said, “I used to know when they were leaving as I heard them.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 841, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 583
Grade: Mutaffaqun Alayhi* (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim
Al-Shafi’i said, “I prefer for the Imam and the followers to remember Allah after leaving the prayer and to do so quietly, unless they must learn from the Imam such that he raises his voice until he sees they have learned it, then he does so privately.”Source: Maʻrifat al-Sunan wal-Āthār 3898
Is Dhikr in Unison After Prayer Allowed?It is not permissible to recite dhikr out loud in unison. Rather, each person should recite to himself, without paying attention to the voices of others. Reciting dhikr in unison is considered an innovation (bid'ah) and has no basis in Islam.